The 10 Essentials of Hiking

The 10 Essentials of Hiking

1. Navigation Tools

Why it’s essential: Getting lost is easier than you think, even on well-marked trails. Navigation tools help you stay on course and find your way back.

What to pack:

• A topographic map and a compass (and know how to use them!).

• GPS device or smartphone with navigation apps.

• Optional: A personal locator beacon (PLB) for emergencies.

Don’t: Rely solely on GPS or your phone for navigation. Devices can fail, run out of battery, or lose signal in remote areas.

Do: Practice using a map and compass before your trip, so you’re ready if technology fails.

2. Headlamp or Flashlight

Why it’s essential: Whether you're caught out after dark or exploring caves, a reliable light source is non-negotiable.

What to pack:

• A headlamp or flashlight with extra batteries.

Don’t: Depend on your phone for light. Batteries can die unexpectedly, temperatures can drain them faster, and phones are easy to misplace (trust me, I’ve been there!).

Do: Bring spare batteries for your headlamp and check them before heading out.

3. Sun Protection

Why it’s essential: The sun’s rays can cause burns, damage your eyes, and leave you dehydrated.

What to pack:

• Sunglasses, sunscreen, and lip balm with SPF.

• A hat or lightweight scarf for shade.

Don’t: Assume you’re safe from UV rays on cloudy days. They can penetrate clouds and cause damage.

Do: Reapply sunscreen regularly, especially if you’re sweating or near water.

4. First Aid Kit

Why it’s essential: Minor injuries can quickly escalate without basic supplies.

What to pack:

• Bandages, antiseptic wipes, tweezers, and pain relievers.

• Blister treatment like moleskin.

Don’t: Hike without personal medications or assume someone else will have a kit.

Do: Familiarize yourself with basic first aid before hitting the trail.

5. Knife or Multi-Tool

Why it’s essential: A knife is invaluable for food prep, repairs, or emergencies.

What to pack:

• A sturdy folding knife or multi-tool.

Don’t: Forget a small repair kit. Duct tape and zip ties can be lifesavers for gear fixes.

Do: Keep your knife clean and sharp for efficiency.

6. Fire Starter

Why it’s essential: A fire can provide warmth, boil water, or signal for help in an emergency.

What to pack:

• Matches, a lighter, or a fire starter in a waterproof container.

Don’t: Rely on just one fire-starting method. Matches can get wet, and lighters can fail.

Do: Test your fire-starting materials before your hike, and practice building a fire safely.

7. Emergency Shelter

Why it’s essential: Even on a day hike, unexpected weather or injuries might force an overnight stay.

What to pack:

• A lightweight emergency bivy sack or space blanket.

Don’t: Assume you’ll always make it back before nightfall.

Do: Check the weather forecast and pack accordingly.

8. Extra Food

Why it’s essential: Unexpected delays can leave you hungry and without the energy to keep going.

What to pack:

• Non-perishable, high-calorie snacks like nuts, jerky, or energy bars.

Don’t: Forget to account for how long food lasts in extreme temperatures.

Do: Pack an extra day’s worth of food, just in case.

9. Extra Water and a Way to Purify It

Why it’s essential: Dehydration can happen quickly, especially in hot or high-altitude environments.

What to pack:

• Enough water for your hike and a purification method like a filter, tablets, or UV purifier.

Don’t: Assume water sources on the trail are safe to drink. Even clear streams can harbor harmful bacteria.

Do: Research water sources ahead of time and carry a backup purification method.

10. Appropriate Clothing

Why it’s essential: Weather can change rapidly, especially at higher elevations.

What to pack:

• Layered clothing: moisture-wicking base, insulating mid-layer, and waterproof outer layer.

Don’t: Wear cotton, as it retains moisture and can cause hypothermia in cold weather.

Do: Pack gloves, a hat, and an extra pair of socks, even in summer.

Additional Hiking Do’s and Don’ts

Do:

• Tell someone your plans, including where you’re going and when you expect to return.

• Check trail conditions and weather forecasts before you leave.

• Stay on marked trails to protect the environment and avoid getting lost.

• Pack out all trash, including biodegradable items like orange peels or food scraps.

Don’t:

• Overpack to the point where your gear is too heavy to carry comfortably.

• Underestimate the difficulty of a trail or your fitness level.

• Approach wildlife—admire from a safe distance.

• Forget to enjoy the journey. Hiking isn’t just about the destination!

By following the 10 Essentials and keeping these Do’s and Don’ts in mind, you’ll be well-prepared for any hiking adventure. Being ready for the unexpected not only keeps you safe but also allows you to fully enjoy the beauty and serenity of the trail.